Micronutrient guide

Vitamin E: antioxidant function and food sources

Vitamin E is a group of fat-soluble compounds with antioxidant activity; alpha-tocopherol is the form used to meet human requirements.

Quick answer: Learn what vitamin E does, which foods provide it, and why supplements have not replaced a varied eating pattern.

What it does

Vitamin E helps protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and participates in immune and cellular functions. Severe deficiency is uncommon in generally healthy people but can occur with certain fat-malabsorption disorders.

Food sources and absorption

Nuts, seeds, wheat germ, and vegetable oils are prominent sources. Spinach, broccoli, and fortified foods can also contribute.

Safety and individual context

High-dose supplements can interact with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medicines and may increase bleeding risk. Supplements should not be assumed to prevent chronic disease merely because vitamin E functions as an antioxidant.

Primary reference

NIH Office of Dietary Supplements consumer fact sheet

How to use this information

Reference values describe population needs and are not a diagnosis. Food patterns, health conditions, pregnancy, laboratory results, and medications can change what is appropriate. Avoid high-dose supplementation unless there is a clear reason and qualified guidance.

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